Thesis presented September 19, 2011
Abstract: The actin cytoskeleton is a highly dynamic structure involved in cell signaling and that creates mechanical force for the completion of diverse functions such as adhesion, migration, division or differentiation. Proteins that regulate this structure can modulate its function. We identified a new protein family that regulates the actin cytoskeleton, Refilin proteins (RefilinA and RefilinB), and whose expression correlates with differentiation switches. RefilinA is induced during differentiation of neural multipotent precursors into glial progenitors, while RefilinB is stabilized in epithelial cells during epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by TGF-ß. In cells, Refilins interact with FilaminA, a protein that binds actin filaments to organize them into a network. Genetic syndromes where the FilaminA gene is mutated lead to important developmental defects, The Refilin/FilaminA complex generates actin cables as well as a new perinuclear structure called « actin cap » or « TAN line » that interacts with the nuclear envelope to regulate nuclear movement and shape. Refilin proteins are the only proteins identified so far that induce the formation of perinuclear actin structures. These results open up new perspective for the understanding of FilaminA's function as well as for the biology and functions of perinuclear actin structures.
Keywords: Refilin, Filamin, perinuclear actin, neural progenitors, epithelial-mesenchymal transition, cfm
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